What happens during the procedure?
There are two method for performing this procedure. Both are done under general anesthesia so you will not be awake.
In the first method, the doctor makes an incision in the abdomen below the belly button. The doctor locates the ovaries below the abdominal muscles. One or both ovaries (or parts of the ovaries) are then removed. The fallopian tubes may be removed at this time as well.
In the second method, a small incision is made in the navel (belly button) and a laparoscope is inserted. A laparoscope is a thin tube with a camera and light on the end so the doctor see the area. Other instruments are pushed through the tube to cut and remove one or both ovaries (or parts of the ovaries).
How should I prepare for this procedure?
Before having this procedure, discuss with your doctor the advantages, disadvantages, long-term risks, and consequences associated with the procedure. Be sure you fully understand what will happen and are comfortable with your doctor's answers to your questions.
Your doctor may request tests such as an ultrasound or X-rays before the surgery. These images allow the doctor to see the area before the procedure. Your doctor may also request other tests (e.g., blood or urine tests). A laxative or enema may be recommended if extensive surgery is anticipated, to clean out the colon.
Tell your doctor or prescriber about all prescription, over-the-counter (non-prescription), and herbal medications that you are taking. Also tell them about any medication allergies and medical conditions that you may have.
Do not eat for 8 hours before the procedure. You may continue to drink clear liquids until 2 hours before the procedure. If your doctor has recommended different times, follow the timing recommended by your doctor.
Ask your doctor or pharmacist whether you need to stop taking any of your medications before the procedure.
Arrange for someone to drive you home from the hospital.
What can I expect after the procedure?
It will take two to six weeks to recover from the procedure. If it is part of a hysterectomy (surgical removal of the uterus), more time may be necessary. Pain and discomfort are normal after the procedure. Medication can be used to ease the pain.
Antibiotics are often recommended to help reduce the risk of infection.
Women who have both ovaries removed may need to take hormones if they are not already going through menopause and do not have cancer. Hormone therapy (HT) reduces the symptoms associated with menopause caused by the rapid decrease of estrogen in the body. But HT is not for everyone - talk to your doctor about whether this treatment is appropriate for you.
Changes in a woman's body may affect her emotionally and psychologically. A decrease in estrogen often leads to a decline in sexual desire. Getting support from health care professionals and talking to others who have had the procedure can improve a person's well-being during recovery.
Results
The results will vary depending on the reason for the oophorectomy. Oophorectomy is an effective treatment and prevention method for ovarian cancer and some types of breast cancer. It can also relieve the symptoms of ovary-related problems such as cysts and abscesses.